GLOSSARY

Airmail — it implies the transportation of postal items by air, which is also associated with shorter delivery times, for which the sender pays a higher postal rate.

Cancellation — a mark or other stamp mark of any type on a stamp indicating the sending or receiving of a postal item, which is stamped with a hand stamp, a stamp machine, a stroke of a pen or a ballpoint pen so that the stamp cannot be reused.

Measurement of perforation on stamps, it is made sequentially, starting from the top. Next: right, bottom, left (i.e. clockwise).

Measurement of picture size on stamps starts with a horizontal one. All dimensions are given in millimeters.

Maximum card — an artistic postcard, on the illustrated side of which a postage stamp is pasted, according to the plot coinciding with the illustration of the card. The stamp is stamped with a postmark. The time and place of the cancellation, as well as the occasion, correspond to the plot of the card and the postage stamp.

4-stamps block — the philatelic name of a hitch of four identical postage stamps, not separated from one another.

Envelope/card with original stamp — this is the philatelic name of a type of postal envelope/card, on which an image of a stamp is printed as a postage stamp, which is not issued separately from this envelope/card.

First Day cover (FDC) — the name of special envelopes with postage stamps of certain series pasted on them and repaid with a postmark with a fixed date corresponding to the first day of their release into postal circulation.

Control marks — dashes or other marks used by the printing company to ensure accurate color registration when printing. It can be used to prevent forgery.

Coupon — the part of the stamp sheet that is separated from the postage stamps by a perforation or a narrow white field in the non-toothed stamps. The coupon is not a postage stamp.

Stamps sheet — the main issue of stamps in sheets (as they are printed). Small-format sheets are considered if the number of stamps (including coupons) does not exceed 16.

Miniature stamps sheet — additional issue of stamps in sheets of a different (smaller) format, which differs from the main issue by the number of stamps in the sheet.

Philatelic sticker — a small square sheet of thin paper covered on one side with glue and used for gluing stamps on album pages, the stickers can be removed without damaging the stamp. A quick-release stamp with an adhesive layer that has been glued in this way is called a “sticker stamp”.

Pair — two stamps connected vertically or horizontally, with or without perforation.

Stamp position on sheet it is determined by a sequential score in the rows, starting from the top: from left to right. Coupons in the sheets are counted as stamps.

Souvenir sheet (SS) — a special form of publication of postage stamps printed on a small piece of paper with margins that have an artistic design. One or more stamps are placed on the souvenir sheet.

Postage stamp — a special mark issued and sold by national (and other) post offices and having a certain nominal value (face value). It serves to facilitate the charges for the shipment of items (items) carried out by mail. Franking with this sign, that is, marking the shipment (sticker of the stamp on it), indicates the fact of payment for the services of the post office (first of all, the forwarding and delivery of correspondence: letters, postcards, etc.).

Perforation — a tool that facilitates the separation of the stamp from the sheet, consisting in applying small holes to the paper at a close distance from each other.

Postage and advertising stamp — a type of postage stamp made, along with the payment of postal items, for advertising purposes. Types of postage and advertising stamps:
• Regular stamps of standard issues with special promotional coupons. The stamp was used to pay for postal items, and the coupon was placed on an advertising one.
• Postage stamps with advertising text printed on the back of the stamp.
• Ordinary stamps of standard issues, pasted on the label with advertising. Such combined postage and advertising stamps were issued in the USSR.

The shift of the drawing part should be understood as a shift of at least one-third of the element of the part under consideration.

The perforation shift should be considered a perforation that runs along the stamp pattern.

Hitch — two or more stamps from one sheet, differing in drawings, face value, and color.

Tet-besh — two stamps printed side by side, with the drawings inverted in relation to each other.